Un costo di riferimento per i servizi di trasporto pubblico urbano

This paper works out some methodologies to calculate a reference cost for the urban transit service. As reference cost we intend a medium efficiency cost related to a real sample, differing from the standard cost; this last one, in fact, according to the Italian Law 151/1981, is a maximum efficiency cost related to the service quality and to the environment where the service is produced. The first two ones of the three methodologies proposed for the assessment of the reference cost are based on the synthetic assessment approach, the last one on the analytical approach: particularly the first methodology lies in a synthetic model construction, the second one in the quantification of cost medium values corresponding to meaning intervals of the variables affecting the efficiency; the third methodology, analytical one, derives from the practices tuned by the Italian regions to calculate the standard cost. In the end, to test the set methodologies, the paper works out an application to a sample of some municipal transit services.