La pianificazione paesaggistica alla prova della transizione ecologia. Il laboratorio Basilicata

The studies (1) carried out by a group of researchers from the Dipartimento delle culture europee e del mediterraneo, DiCEM department of the University of Basilicata, following an agreement signed with the Basilicata Region’s Environment and Energy Department for the drafting of the Atlas of the Regional Landscape Plan, PPR, today they have attempted to sound out the potential of landscape planning to be a political tool for territorialising the strategies of the National Recovey and Resilience Plan, starting from a southern territory with significant infrastructural deficits but with a great endowment of environmental and natural resources, with almost half of its territory covered by parks and reserves, a land with a dramatic demographic decrease and a very weak urban framework made up of 80% of mountain centres with less than 5,000 inhabitants. How can a landscape action operate within a system of laws and regulations capable of protecting and enhancing its values, even to the point of reproducing new ones? How can the assessment of the quality of a landscape be appreciated by looking at the effects on the territory and inhabitants through models that simplify reality, incapable of considering intangible, cultural and symbolic values? How can a critical comparison be opened between landscape and sustainability, integrating the qualitative dimension of the former with the quantitative one of the latter? Complex questions, which guided the reflective attitude adopted by the various researchers involved. The principle assumed was the recognition of the landscape by the ways in which it is perceived by the population, which authorises its subjective evaluation not only because it inhabits it but because it incessantly produces it by inhabiting it (Donadieu 2021). Basilicata, like other southern regions, has shown a low capacity to activate the value endowments of its territory (Triglia 2012) and lowered levels of care, also attributable to a lack of means and resourcefulness, imprinting choices on the trivialisation and individualisation of the use of resources. At the same time, due to a historical and anthropo-geographical territorial condition of internality (Mininni 2017), marked by stereotypes, Basilicata has been thought of as a reality different from the rest of Italy (Viesti 2021) and without distinctions within it. A land that has resisted the typical processes of homologation, spatial dispersion and infrastructural segmentation, also due to a lack of planning, a territory with large areas of parkland, largely covered by crops as far as the eye can see and woods, little known and increasingly depopulated.