How to define a design methodology able to achieve anti-seismic and functional upgrades of building heritage

Starting from an analysis with in-depth numerical analysis methods available today, the load-bearing masonry and wooden floors buildings that are typical of the architectural heritage of the southern Italy prove to be characterized by insufficient seismic resistance, as well as also the centuries-old history of these cities test: they were repeatedly destroyed by earthquakes, and each time rebuilt, almost always with the same materials and the same construction methods. In the case study of the Fiordelisi Palace in Sala Consilina (Salerno, Italy), new models of structural intervention, based on the reinforcement of the walls with stainless steel clamps of variable size and density of application, and on floors no longer indefinitely rigid in the horizontal plane, but deformable, and however able to constrain the masonry facades and prevent them to come out from their plan as a result of the seismic forces, now allow us to define interventions purpose-made for each single building and all its parts, and allow us to achieve the desired capacity of resistance, respecting retrofittability and sustainability of interventions, designed and executed with reusable, recyclable and renewable, locally produced materials. New reliable and tested materials for the inside and outside insulation, compatible with the constructive historical models, and new methods for the processing of thermal bridges consisting of balconies and shelves, frames for windows thresholds, cornices and fasciae, together with the new methods of simulate temperature and humidity of the cold bridges, now in current use, allow to treat the buildings of historical heritage with objectives of energy efficiency and sustainability that are not far from those that belong to the design of new buildings, making it near the goal of reducing the use of the land and the growth of the cities, and to focus on their refurbishment.