Variabilità genetica in una collezione di frumento duro (Triticum durum Desf.) per marcatori morfologici, biochimici e molecolari

The changed growing conditions and the new focus on typical local products have proposed the opportunity to reintroduce the old local varieties in cultivation to recreate the income opportunities in marginal agriculture areas, moreover to ensure the typicality is important to have traceability procedures able to provide consumers with quality and food safety. 130 accessions of old traditional populations have been reported in Basilicata and characterized by qualitative and quantitative morphological, biochemical and molecular characters. The collection showed variability for morphological characters. 49 accessions had the g-42 band. 35 accessions had the g-45 band. The gluteinic analysis provided 19 different patterns. 25 SSR alleles was identified in the durum wheat collection, 17 widely distributed and 8 rare. The joint analysis of data have allowed to assess the genetic diversity in the entire collection and the profile singleness obtained provided a useful tool for genetic traceability of food products.